The complete blueprint for the National Eligibility cum Entrance Test (UG) — eligibility, exam pattern, sectional weights and the full subject-wise syllabus for Physics, Chemistry, Botany and Zoology.
The National Eligibility cum Entrance Test, undergraduate level — popularly known as NEET (UG) — is the single-window entrance test conducted by the National Testing Agency (NTA) for admission to undergraduate medical and allied courses in India. It regulates admissions across premium central, state, public and private institutions, including AIIMS and JIPMER.
| Category | Minimum Aggregate Marks (PCB) | 12th Pass Status |
|---|---|---|
| General / EWS | Minimum 50% Aggregate | Compulsory Pass in Subjects |
| OBC-NCL / SC / ST | Minimum 40% Aggregate | Compulsory Pass in Subjects |
| PwD (General/EWS) | Minimum 45% Aggregate | Compulsory Pass in Subjects |
NEET (UG) is an offline (Pen-and-Paper) examination where candidates record answers on a specially designed OMR sheet. The paper is uniformly divided into four subject fields — Physics, Chemistry, Botany and Zoology. Each subject contains two sections (Section A and Section B) to give flexibility in choice.
| Subject Field | Section | Question Count | Max Marks | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Physics | Section A | 35 Questions (All Mandatory) | 140 Marks | 180 Marks |
| Section B | 15 Questions (Attempt any 10) | 40 Marks | ||
| Chemistry | Section A | 35 Questions (All Mandatory) | 140 Marks | 180 Marks |
| Section B | 15 Questions (Attempt any 10) | 40 Marks | ||
| Botany (Biology Part I) | Section A | 35 Questions (All Mandatory) | 140 Marks | 180 Marks |
| Section B | 15 Questions (Attempt any 10) | 40 Marks | ||
| Zoology (Biology Part II) | Section A | 35 Questions (All Mandatory) | 140 Marks | 180 Marks |
| Section B | 15 Questions (Attempt any 10) | 40 Marks | ||
| Total Testing Framework | Section A+B | 200 Questions Total (Attempt exactly 180 Qs) | 720 Max | 720 Marks |
The official syllabus is aligned with the core topics of Class 11 and Class 12 Sciences, balancing physical laws, chemistry mechanisms and detailed biology systems.
| Core Chapter / Unit Block | Official High-Yield Topics (NCERT Core) | Avg Qs | Rationalization Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Units and Measurements (Class 11) | SI units, fundamental & derived units. Dimensional analysis and applications. Least count, errors in measurement, accuracy & precision, significant figures. | 2 Qs | Retained |
| Kinematics (Class 11) | Motion in a straight line: position, displacement, average speed & velocity, relative velocity. Motion in a plane: scalar/vector properties, relative velocity in 2D, projectile motion, uniform circular motion. | 2–3 Qs | Retained |
| Laws of Motion (Class 11) | Force, inertia, Newton's three laws. Linear momentum conservation. Equilibrium of concurrent forces. Static, kinetic and rolling friction. Centripetal force (level vs banked road). | 2 Qs | Retained |
| Work, Energy and Power (Class 11) | Work-energy theorem, kinetic & potential energy, conservative vs non-conservative forces, mechanical energy conservation, power, elastic/inelastic collisions in 1D and 2D. | 2 Qs | Retained |
| Rotational Motion (Class 11) | Centre of mass, moment of a force, torque, angular momentum & conservation, moment of inertia, radius of gyration, equilibrium of rigid bodies. | 3 Qs | Parallel & Perpendicular Axes Theorems dropped in newest editions. |
| Gravitation (Class 11) | Universal law of gravitation, Kepler's laws, variation of g with altitude/depth, gravitational potential energy, escape velocity, orbital velocity, geostationary setups. | 1–2 Qs | Retained |
| Properties of Bulk Matter (Class 11) | Elastic behaviour, stress-strain, Hooke's law, Young/Bulk/Rigidity moduli. Pascal's law. Viscosity, Stokes' law, terminal velocity, streamline/turbulent flow, Bernoulli's principle. Surface tension, angle of contact. | 2 Qs | Venturi-meter and blood flow/heart attack analogies dropped. |
| Thermodynamics (Class 11) | Thermal equilibrium, zeroth law, heat, work, internal energy. First & second laws. Isothermal and adiabatic processes, reversibility. | 2–3 Qs | Heat Engines, Refrigerators, Heat Pumps permanently dropped. |
| Kinetic Theory of Gases (Class 11) | Equation of state of an ideal gas, work on compression. Kinetic theory postulates, kinetic interpretation of temperature, RMS speed. Degrees of freedom, equipartition of energy, specific heat capacities. | 1 Qs | Specific Heat Capacity of Water dropped. |
| Oscillations and Waves (Class 11) | Periodic motion, SHM equations, phase. Spring oscillations, energies in SHM, simple pendulum. Wave motion, longitudinal/transverse waves, superposition, progressive waves. | 1–2 Qs | Damped SHM, Forced Oscillations and Resonance permanently dropped. |
| Electrostatics (Class 12) | Charge conservation, Coulomb's law, superposition. Electric field lines, dipole torque. Gauss's theorem. Capacitors, series/parallel combinations, parallel plate capacitor with/without dielectrics, energy stored. | 3–4 Qs | Van de Graaff generator dropped. |
| Current Electricity (Class 12) | Ohm's law, drift velocity, resistance, V-I characteristics, temperature dependence. Internal resistance, EMF, cell combinations. Kirchhoff's rules. Wheatstone bridge. | 4–5 Qs | Potentiometer, Metre Bridge, Carbon Resistors dropped. |
| Magnetism & EMI (Class 12) | Biot-Savart law, Ampere's law, cyclotron. Force on current carriers, moving coil galvanometer. Faraday's laws, induced EMF, Lenz's law, self/mutual inductance. AC, peak/RMS, LCR series circuit, resonance. | 3–4 Qs | Earth's magnetism elements, eddy currents, cyclotron dropped in sections. |
| Optics (Ray & Wave) (Class 12) | Refraction, total internal reflection, lens formula, magnification, prism. Microscope/telescope. Wavefronts, Huygens' principle, interference (YDSE), diffraction, polarization. | 4–5 Qs | Scattering elements, Brewster's law, resolving power dropped. |
| Modern Physics (Class 12) | Photoelectric effect, Einstein's equations, matter waves, de Broglie relation. Alpha scattering, Rutherford/Bohr models, energy levels, hydrogen spectrum. Nucleus composition, mass-energy equivalence, mass defect, binding energy. | 4 Qs | Davisson-Germer, radioactivity laws, nuclear reactors dropped. |
| Electronic Devices (Class 12) | Semiconductors, p-n junction diode, I-V characteristics in forward/reverse bias, diode as rectifier. Logic gates (OR, AND, NOT, NAND, NOR). | 3 Qs | Special purpose p-n junction diodes (Zener, LED) dropped. |
Chemistry combines numerical interpretation (Physical), textual memory (Inorganic) and logical pathways (Organic). The newest rationalized NCERT editions have dropped several entire chapters (Solid State, Surface Chemistry, s-block), narrowing the focus fields.
| Core Subject / Unit Block | Official Syllabus Topics (High-Yield Focus) | Avg Qs | NCERT Deletions |
|---|---|---|---|
| Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry (Class 11) | Dalton's atomic theory, atoms & molecules. Atomic/molecular masses, mole concept, molar mass, percentage composition, empirical/molecular formulas. Stoichiometry, limiting reagents. | 1–2 Qs | Retained |
| Structure of Atom (Class 11) | Bohr's model, quantum numbers, electronic configurations, Aufbau principle, Hund's rule, Pauli exclusion. Dual nature of electron, de Broglie relation, Heisenberg uncertainty principle. | 1–2 Qs | Retained |
| Chemical Thermodynamics (Class 11) | First & second laws, internal energy, enthalpy, Hess's law, bond enthalpy, entropy, Gibbs energy, spontaneity. | 2 Qs | Retained |
| Equilibrium (Class 11) | Chemical equilibrium laws, Le Chatelier's principle. Ionic equilibrium, pH scale, degree of dissociation, salt hydrolysis, buffers, solubility product (Ksp). | 2–3 Qs | Retained |
| Redox Reactions (Class 11) | Oxidation-reduction concepts, oxidation number, oxidising/reducing agents, balancing equations (half-reaction & oxidation number methods). | 1 Qs | Retained |
| Solutions (Class 12) | Types of solutions, concentration expressions, solubility of gases in liquids, Raoult's law, colligative properties, abnormal molecular mass, van 't Hoff factor. | 1–2 Qs | Solid State chapter fully dropped. |
| Electrochemistry (Class 12) | Oxidation numbers, conductance, galvanic/electrolytic cells, Nernst equation, Kohlrausch's law, electrolysis laws, fuel cells, corrosion. | 2 Qs | Surface Chemistry chapter fully dropped. |
| Chemical Kinetics (Class 12) | Rate laws, order & molecularity, integrated rate equations (zero and first order), half-life, collision theory, Arrhenius equation. | 2 Qs | Retained |
| Classification of Elements (Class 11) | Modern periodic law, long form periodic table. Periodic trends in atomic/ionic/inert gas radii, ionization enthalpy, electron gain enthalpy, electronegativity. | 1–2 Qs | Hydrogen and s-Block chapters fully dropped. |
| Chemical Bonding (Class 11) | Ionic, covalent, metallic bonding. Lewis structures, bond parameters, VSEPR theory, hybridization (sp to sp3d2), Molecular Orbital Theory (homonuclear diatomics), hydrogen bonding. | 3–4 Qs | Retained |
| p-Block Elements (Class 11 & 12) | Electronic configuration, trends in physical & chemical properties across groups 13 to 18. | 3 Qs | Large textual descriptive parts dropped. |
| d- and f-Block Elements (Class 12) | Properties of transition elements, electronic configuration, oxidation states, ionic radii trends. Lanthanoid and actinoid contraction. | 2 Qs | Metallurgy/Isolation chapter fully dropped. |
| Coordination Compounds (Class 12) | Werner's theory, ligands, coordination number, IUPAC nomenclature. Isomerism (structural & stereo). Valence Bond Theory and Crystal Field Theory, magnetic traits. | 2–3 Qs | Retained |
| General Organic Chemistry (GOC) (Class 11) | Purification, qualitative & quantitative analysis. Nomenclature, structural & stereo isomerism. Bond fission types, electromeric, inductive, resonance, hyperconjugation. Carbocations, carbanions, free radicals stability. | 3 Qs | Retained |
| Hydrocarbons (Class 11) | Alkanes, alkenes, alkynes: preparation, physical & chemical properties, mechanisms. Aromaticity, electrophilic substitution, Markovnikov's rule. | 2–3 Qs | Environmental Chemistry chapter fully dropped. |
| Oxygen/Halogen Compounds (Class 12) | Haloalkanes, haloarenes, alcohols, phenols, ethers preparation and reactions. Aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids — nucleophilic addition mechanisms, name reactions. | 5–6 Qs | Retained |
| Nitrogen Compounds & Biomolecules (Class 12) | Amines nomenclature, reactions, diazonium salts. Structure of DNA, RNA, carbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acids, enzyme functions. | 3 Qs | Polymers & Chemistry in Everyday Life chapters fully dropped. |
Biology constitutes 50% of the maximum marks (360/720) in NEET (UG). Success relies directly on line-by-line textbook accuracy and absolute mastery over updated structural classifications.
| Core Unit / Core Chapters | Official Syllabus Topics (NCERT Line-by-Line Focus) | Avg Qs | Rationalization Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Diversity in Living World (Class 11) | Biodiversity, classification, taxonomy & systematics, binomial nomenclature. Five kingdom system (Monera, Protista, Fungi, Viruses, Lichens). Algae, Bryophytes, Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms, Angiosperms. Animal Kingdom non-chordates & chordates. | 5–6 Qs | Retained line-by-line. |
| Structural Organisation (Class 11) | Morphology & modifications of flowering plants (roots, stems, leaves, flowers, inflorescence, fruits, seeds). Animal tissues, organ systems of Frog and Cockroach anatomy. | 2–3 Qs | Secondary growth in plants dropped. Frog added explicitly alongside Cockroach. |
| Cell Structure & Function (Class 11) | Cell theory, prokaryotic vs eukaryotic cells. Cell wall, membrane, endomembrane systems, mitochondria, plastids, ribosomes, cytoskeleton, nucleus. Biomolecules: carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids, proteins, enzyme kinetics. Cell cycle, mitosis, meiosis. | 5–6 Qs | Biomolecules integrated heavily with chemistry concepts. |
| Plant Physiology (Class 11) | Photosynthesis: pigments, light reactions, cyclic/non-cyclic photophosphorylation, Calvin cycle (C3), C4 pathway, photorespiration. Respiration: glycolysis, TCA cycle, ETS, oxidative phosphorylation, respiratory quotient. Plant growth regulators: Auxins, Gibberellins, Cytokinins, Ethylene, ABA. | 5–6 Qs | Transport in Plants and Mineral Nutrition chapters fully dropped. Photoperiodism, Vernalisation dropped. |
| Human Physiology (Class 11) | Breathing and exchange of gases, respiratory volumes. Body fluids and circulation: cardiac cycle, ECG, double circulation. Excretion: nephron function, counter-current mechanism. Locomotion and movement: muscle contraction, skeletal setup. Neural control: nerve impulse, reflex arc. Chemical coordination: endocrine glands, hormones. | 12–14 Qs | Digestion and Absorption chapter completely dropped. |
| Reproduction (Class 12) | Sexual reproduction in flowering plants: microsporogenesis, megasporogenesis, pollination, double fertilization, endosperm/embryo development, apomixis, polyembryony. Human reproduction: male/female systems, gametogenesis, menstrual cycle, fertilization, implantation, pregnancy, parturition, lactation. Reproductive health, birth control, MTP, STDs, IVF. | 9–11 Qs | Reproduction in Organisms (Chapter 1) fully dropped. |
| Genetics and Evolution (Class 12) | Inheritance and Variation: Mendelian inheritance, deviations, co-dominance, polygenic inheritance, sex determination, chromosomal/Mendelian disorders (Haemophilia, Sickle-cell, Down's). Molecular Basis of Inheritance: DNA structure, replication, transcription, genetic code, translation, gene regulation (Lac Operon), Human Genome Project, DNA fingerprinting. Evolution: origin of life, evidence, adaptive radiation, Hardy-Weinberg principle, human evolution. | 10–11 Qs | Extremely high-yield core unit. |
| Biology and Human Welfare (Class 12) | Human health and diseases: malaria, filariasis, ascariasis, typhoid, pneumonia, ringworm. Immunology, vaccines, cancer, AIDS, drug/alcohol abuse. Microbes in human welfare: household processing, industrial production, sewage treatment, energy generation, biocontrol agents, biofertilizers. | 5–6 Qs | Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production chapter fully dropped. |
| Biotechnology (Class 12) | Principles and Processes: recombinant DNA tools (restriction enzymes, vectors, PCR, bioreactors). Applications in agriculture (Bt cotton, pest resistance) and medicine (insulin synthesis, gene therapy, molecular diagnostics), transgenic animals, biosafety, biopiracy. | 8–9 Qs | Highly conceptual engineering unit. |
| Ecology and Environment (Class 12) | Organisms and Populations: attributes, growth models, interactions (mutualism, competition, predation, parasitism). Ecosystem: structure, components, productivity, decomposition, energy flow, ecological pyramids. Biodiversity and Conservation: patterns, importance, loss factors, in-situ and ex-situ conservation. | 8–10 Qs | Environmental Issues (Pollution) fully dropped. Organism and Its Environment abiotic factors dropped. |
Realistic mock tests, detailed solutions and performance analysis — built for NEET (UG) aspirants.